Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 23 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01115-wThis Review outlines the fundamental role of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for children, adolescents and young adults (CAYAs) with relapsed and/or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, emphasizing the crucial need to further exploit CAR T cells and other immunotherapies to improve survival with broadened access across disease states. Opportunities and challenges for expanding CAR T cell therapy to other haematological and non-haematological malignancies in CAYAs are also discussed.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-026-01121-6Author Correction: Advances in the management of localized bladder cancers

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01109-8Treatment selection based on the presence of one or more specific biomarkers has the potential to optimize treatment outcomes; nonetheless, most patients lack a specific biomarker that is predictive of benefit from one or more targeted treatment approaches. In this Review, the authors describe the potential of computational analysis approaches to enable the discovery of more complex predictive biomarkers based on comprehensive analysis of large clinical and preclinical datasets and thus address this unmet need.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 15 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-025-01229-2Obesity is associated with changes in levels of many blood-based factors, such as cytokines and adipokines. This Review explores the utility of such factors as biomarkers for quantifying and predicting obesity-associated disease risk, including the identification of causal relationships.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 08 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-025-01226-5This Review explores the link between diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease from an epidemiological and mechanistic perspective, and discusses the public health implications of this link and provides recommendations for clinical management and public health policy.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 06 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-025-01220-xMany different models are used in research into diabetes mellitus, and each has strengths and limitations. In this Review, the authors explain several in vivo and in vitro models of hyperglycaemia and discuss how future models might be improved to better replicate physiological conditions in people with diabetes mellitus.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 05 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-025-01221-wChronic disturbances in autonomic regulation are increasingly recognized as contributors to metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this Review, Wangler and colleagues discuss bidirectional communication between the autonomic nervous system and peripheral tissues in the coordination of glucose and lipid metabolism as well as emerging therapies targeting autonomic pathways that could improve metabolic health.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 22 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01171-8Nutrition and dietary guidelines in gastrointestinal disorders vary in scope, rigour and recommendations, contributing to variations in practice. This Comment identifies nutrition and dietary guidelines for gastrointestinal disorders, namely chronic constipation, irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease, and examines the methodologies used to develop them.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 09 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01170-9Some of the highlights in the pancreatic cancer field in 2025 include long-term data on personalized neoantigen vaccine approaches in resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma, detailed clinico-genomic analyses of large clinical trial datasets, and therapeutic strategies for early-stage disease.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 09 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01168-3In this Review, Brown and colleagues describe the latest insights into the role of cholesterol synthesis and metabolism in the gut and liver, and implications in diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 05 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01159-4Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a complex syndrome characterized by acute hepatic decompensation superimposed on pre-existing chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. This Review provides an update on definitions, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentation and management of ACLF.

Nature Reviews Urology, Published online: 26 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41585-026-01126-xIn this Review, the authors examine anticipated patterns of late morbidities that could emerge as a result of current treatments for Wilms tumour. Given the importance of a patient-centred follow-up strategy, they propose a practical classification system based on the likelihood of developing therapy-related late sequelae.

Nature Reviews Urology, Published online: 16 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41585-025-01121-8Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) offer a minimally invasive biopsy strategy for prostate cancer monitoring. This Review discusses the use of CTCs at all stages of prostate cancer development and treatment, from CTC isolation and enrichment strategies to the prognostic and clinical utility of these cells in prostate cancer.

Nature Reviews Urology, Published online: 06 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41585-025-01113-8Sexual pleasure has often been overshadowed by a focus on dysfunction and reproduction in sexual medicine, particularly in urology. In this Review, the authors discuss the need for multidisciplinary approaches to address the diverse experiences and needs of individuals across their lifespan, and how integrating pleasure into research, clinical practice, sexuality education and public health initiatives could enhance well-being, intimate relationships and overall quality of life.