Nature Reviews Cardiology, Published online: 28 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41569-025-01176-5Reply to ‘Neuroendocrine regulatory effects of sex hormones on salt sensitivity of blood pressure’

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Published online: 20 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41569-025-01170-xConference presentation skills are a crucial, yet often overlooked, element in the dissemination of cardiovascular research. In an era of information overload and digital communication, the ability to clearly and engagingly present scientific data is essential, to ensure that the findings are understood, shared and implemented into clinical practice.

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Published online: 12 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41569-025-01169-4A new study published in Nature reveals the role of the interaction between the circadian transcription factor BMAL1 and hypoxia-inducible factor 2α in circadian-dependent cardioprotection after ischaemia–reperfusion injury, and highlights the potential of chronotherapeutic approaches for ischaemic heart disease.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 29 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01034-wIn pivotal trials testing daratumumab in patients with transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, inadequate crossover provisions have not only compromised the interpretation of survival data but also left fundamental questions about optimal treatment sequencing unanswered. Herein, we address the ethical implications of trial designs that fail to guarantee access to effective post-progression therapy for patients in the control arm, particularly in studies across regions in which standard-of-care treatment varies dramatically.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 16 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01021-1Despite advances in drug development, some patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have suboptimal responses to treatment. The authors of this Review provide an overview of the complexity of the tumour microenvironment in NSCLC, including the influence of patient-related factors, such as ageing, sex and health disparities, on the cancer–TME crosstalk, and discuss how various therapeutic strategies interact with and are influenced by the TME in NSCLC.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 14 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01020-2Patients with resectable glioblastoma undergo upfront surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. This approach implies a period of approximately 4–6 weeks between surgery and the start of adjuvant therapy in which the patient receives no active treatment. In this Perspective, the authors describe the potential of local therapies targeting the tumour resection margin that can be administered during this time window, including biological feasibility, the potential role of nanomedicines and various technical and regulatory challenges that will need to be addressed before clinical implementation becomes feasible.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 13 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01025-xAnal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare malignancy, albeit with an increasing prevalence in most economically developed countries. Despite considerable advances in our understanding of the biology of ASCC, chemoradiotherapy (CRT) remains the standard-of-care therapy for most patients, albeit with promising data emerging on the role of CRT plus immune-checkpoint inhibitors in the metastatic setting. In this Review, the authors describe the biology of ASCC and relate this to the various attempts to improve outcomes via the development of more effective systemic therapies and/or combinations.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 22 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41574-025-01135-7The endocrine effects of leptin on energy metabolism

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 16 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41574-025-01133-9The inflammatory spark: how TNF rewrote the insulin resistance narrative

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 13 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41574-025-01125-9Amylin is a peptide hormone involved in satiation. Amylin mimetics have potential as therapies for obesity and diabetes mellitus, but clinical development has proven challenging. This Review discusses the physiological roles of amylin and the current progress of amylin mimetic therapeutics.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 23 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01076-6Onco-gastroenterology is defined as a collaborative subspecialty of Gastroenterology that is dedicated to the unique needs of individuals with or at risk of cancer, with a focus on maintaining and managing their digestive and liver health throughout their clinical course.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 23 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01075-7Menopause affects human health and quality of life. This Review focuses on the effects of menopause and hormonal replacement therapy on gastrointestinal and liver disease, discusses osteoporosis in this context and identifies gaps in clinical research.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 22 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01068-6Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are best known as the primary fibrogenic liver cell type. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of protective and pathogenic HSC functions in health and disease and discusses novel therapeutic concepts derived from this dual role.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 14 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01072-wCurrent treatments for Crohn’s disease prioritize early intervention with biological therapies, with several landmark trials demonstrating that starting biologic agents within the first years of diagnosis leads to superior patient outcomes. Although challenges remain, early use of biological treatments is increasingly supported in managing moderate to severe Crohn’s disease.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 23 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01098-3Genetic studies in Africa can provide a unique window into hereditary neurological diseases (HNDs). This Review highlights the benefits and challenges of conducting genetic research in Africa and summarizes the insights into HNDs gained from previous studies on the continent.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 15 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01103-9Measures of glymphatic function could serve as markers of Huntington disease and its progression, new research has shown.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 14 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01092-9The Society for Equity Neuroscience (SEQUINS) was founded in 2024 to identify and address global inequities in brain health. Ahead of the inaugural SEQUINS conference in May 2025, we asked Founding President Bruce Ovbiagele about his expectations and aspirations for the conference and for the future of SEQUINS.

Nature Reviews Rheumatology, Published online: 16 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41584-025-01263-4The increased incidence of deep vein thromboses and pulmonary emboli has long been noted in rheumatoid arthritis and has been ascribed to the effects of chronic inflammation and disease activity, as well as to specific biologic DMARDs and JAK inhibitors. Reporting in ACR Open Rheumatology, Zavoriti and Miossec provide data that might explain the prothrombotic effects of the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib.

Nature Reviews Rheumatology, Published online: 14 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41584-025-01259-0This Review provides a comprehensive overview of fibroblast biology in rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic inflammatory diseases. The authors discuss insights into fibroblast behaviour and pathogenicity from single-cell and functional studies and describe how these findings have informed efforts to therapeutically target fibroblasts.

Nature Reviews Rheumatology, Published online: 07 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41584-025-01253-6This Review explores the ongoing debate regarding the definition of cell identity, with a focus on the immune and stromal cell landscape within rheumatology. The authors discuss the implications of different frameworks of cell identity for disease treatment and the discovery of predictive biomarkers for stratified medicine.

Nature Reviews Rheumatology, Published online: 06 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41584-025-01252-7Systemic vasculitis, including monogenic forms, is associated with an increased risk of arterial and venous thromboembolic events (AVTEs). This Review highlights the latest advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis, clinical features and management of AVTEs in systemic and monogenic vasculitis.

Nature Reviews Urology, Published online: 22 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41585-025-01045-3Telesurgery, also known as remote surgery, has emerged as a revolutionary paradigm in urology. The use of telesurgery and its applications in urological procedures is characterized by lights and shadows that challenge surgeons and international surgical societies to regulate this promising field.

Nature Reviews Urology, Published online: 19 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41585-025-01052-4Testosterone affects the vaginal microbiome in transgender men

Nature Reviews Urology, Published online: 16 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s41585-025-01031-9Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can interfere with the normal function of the endocrine system leading to adverse health effects in humans. In this Review, the authors discuss how exposure to these chemicals might be major risk factors for prostate cancer, and they consider the various sources of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their different modes of action.